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Pages
Posts
How to Ensure the Consistency of Estimators When Dealing with Systematic Errors in Continuous Variable Systems
Published:
TL;DR: Not all measurement error is fatal in panel data. In a Two-Way Fixed Effects (TWFE) model:
- Constant and Time-Specific additive errors are harmless (absorbed by FEs).
- Unit-Specific additive errors create bias when interacting a continuous regressor with a post-treatment dummy (Continuous DiD).
- The Fix: You can eliminate this bias by including
Unit × Postfixed effects or by using post-period centering (FWL residualization).
publications
ESG rating disagreement and corporate Total Factor Productivity: Inference and prediction
Published in Finance Research Letters, 2025
This is the work I completed during the summer of my first year of undergraduate studies
Recommended citation: Li, Z., & Yang, Z. (2025). ESG rating disagreement and corporate Total Factor Productivity: Inference and prediction. Finance Research Letters, 78, 107127.
Download Paper
talks
ESGformer: Automated multimodal ESG evaluation
Published:
As sustainable development gains momentum, non-financial information has become a critical metric for evaluating enterprises. This shift has led more companies to voluntarily disclose corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. Most current research on ESG (CSR) reports is conducted by major ESG rating agencies, while academic studies tend to rely on quantitative analyses based on these ratings. However, this approach often overlooks the valuable insights contained within the textual content of ESG (CSR) reports.